Sex Differences in Effectiveness of Extended-Release Stimulant Medication among Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
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| Authors: | Amori Yee Mikami Daniel J Cox Margaret T Davis H Kent Wilson R Lawrence Merkel Roger Burket |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, 102 Gilmer Hall, P.O. Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4400, USA;(2) Department of Psychiatric Medicine, University of Virginia, Behavioral Medicine Center, P.O. Box 800223, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA;(3) Curry School of Education, University of Virginia, 150 Ruffner Hall, P.O. Box 400270, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4270, USA |
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| Abstract: | This study examined whether adolescent females with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are differentially responsive
than their male counterparts to extended-release stimulant medications. This investigation may bear special importance for
an adolescent (as opposed to child) population, because hormonal and metabolism differences between sexes are most likely
to emerge at this time. Male (n = 19) and female (n = 16) adolescents, ages 16–19 with ADHD, participated in a randomized, double-blind crossover study evaluating the effectiveness
of osmotic-release methylphenidate, extended release amphetamine salts, placebo, and routine limited medication regimen. Medication
efficacy was evaluated using ADHD symptom ratings from adolescent self-report and parent report, along with objective measures
of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity during driving performance and neuropsychological tasks. Males and females were
largely equivalent in impairment, and medication was similarly effective in reducing symptoms. No interactions were found
between sex and medication on any measure of effectiveness or side effects. This finding suggests that the efficacy and tolerability
of extended-release stimulant medications is equivalent for male and female adolescents with ADHD. |
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| Keywords: | ADHD Adolescents Girls Stimulant medication Extended-release |
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