在家庭自由游戏和智力任务游戏中儿童与母亲的交往行为特征

本研究采用家庭录像观察的方法，考察了61名3－4岁儿童在家庭环境中的两个情境－－自由和带有智力任务倾向的拼图游戏情境中所表现出来的行为特征，结果发现：1儿童在两种游戏情境中与母亲交往时所表现出来的行为特征可以从独立性、顺从、言语交流和参与四个维度进行评价。2当儿童的游戏从自由游戏转为带有智力任务倾向的游戏时，儿童与母亲的交往行为方式发生明显变化，交流行为和积极情绪明显减少，而依赖行为和不与母亲交流的行为显著增加。3在上述两种游戏情境中，儿童与母亲的交往行为表现出个别差异，在自由游戏情境中，42.6%为独立型、32.8%为顺从型和24.6%为交流型；在拼图游戏情境中，54％为独立型、23％为顺从型和23％不顺从型。

Children's Interaction With Their Mothers In Free Play And Intelligent-Task-oriented Play At Home

In the present study 61 children's interactive behaviors with their mothers in free play and intelligent task oriented play at home were studied by means of videotaped observation.Children' behaviors involved four dimensions:independent behaviors,compliant behaviors,speech communication and involvement.The results showed that when the children' play switched from free play to intelligent task oriented play,children' interactive behaviors with their mothers changed significantly:dependent behaviors and speech non communication increased significantly;speech communication and positive emotion decreased significantly.There were individual differences in the children during these two play sessions:in the free play session,42.6% of the children were independent,32.8% of them were compliant,and 24.6% were communicational.In the intelligent task oriented play session,54% of them were independent,23% were compliant and 23% were non compliant.