工作记忆新探:基于个体差异的研究

近年来对工作记忆的研究开始关注个体差异的理论分析。经典的工作记忆模型得到了发展,引入情境缓冲系统作为多成分模型的一部分,这是对个体经验的重视。传统衡量个体差异的主要指标短时记忆容量(组块)、智力(g)等逐步被工作记忆指标发展替代:如执行性注意控制、工作记忆广度等。工作记忆的个体差异本质上是否与智力的差异具有同构性的焦点引起了广泛关注。在今后的研究中,关于领域一般性与特殊性的及神经生理学等方向可能是厘清工作记忆个体差异的主流趋势。

An Exploration of Individual Difference Theories of Working Memory

Amounts of research on working memory began focusing on the individual difference. Firstly,episodic buffer was introduced into the multi-component model of working memory. Secondly,the dual-task paradigm approved the view that executive control (attention) is the core of individual difference in working memory. Working memory capacity was recommended as another method for measuring the individual difference of working memory. The controversy of the relationship between working memory and g factor is never c...