试论先秦法家社会整合思想

先秦时期,中国社会处于急剧变化的转型时期,整个社会陷入了严重失范状态,以《管子》为代表的齐法家和以商鞅、韩非为代表的三晋法家,就如何重建社会秩序提出了以富国强兵为目标的社会整合思想。他们崇尚法制,一切依靠法来整合。但如何使得社会积极协调,发挥出更大的能量,在法家内部主张也有不同。齐法家主张顺民性立法,满足民的需求,发展生产,增加财富;而三晋法家认为人性是自私的,他们主张利用赏罚两手,以严刑相威,以重赏相诱。在先秦诸子各种社会整合思想中,法家最务实、最法制化。

On the Social Conformity Thoughts of Legalists in Pre -Qin

During the period of pre-Qin,the society of China was in a state of disorder.Kuan-tzu,the representative of Legalists in Qi Country,Shang Yang and Han Fei,the representative of Legalists in Tri-jin brought forward social conformity thoughts whose aim was enriching country and strengthening army to rebuild social order.They advocated legal system.They thought that everything needed law to conform.But on the question how to make the whole society actively harmonize and exert the most energy,there were different opinions between the legalists.Legalists in Qi Country thought lawmaking should obey the people's wish,satisfy their needs,develop the production,and increase social fortune.While legalists in Tri-jin thought people were selfish and so they stressed rewards and punishments,which was threnthening with cruel torture and inducing with more rewards.Anyhow,in all kinds of the social conformity thoughts,Legalists' was the most practical one and owned the most legal system.