情境相关性及其对“特质-工作结果”的调节作用

情境相关性是指当情境能够对个体表达特质提供相关行为的线索时, 该情境即具有相关性, 它和情境强度共同组成特质激活的潜能, 并在工业组织心理学中逐渐受到广泛关注。基于情境相关性有研究提出情境维度说, 建立特质激活与评估模型。受到情境中相关线索激活, 特质表达为工作行为。在与不同水平各个维度的线索相一致时, 工作行为被评估为工作绩效。研究表明, 情境调节变量可以在3个水平提供特质激活线索, 调节“特质&;#8722;工作结果”关系, 如任务水平的工作控制、群体水平的领导行为以及组织水平的领导&;#8722;成员交换(LMX)关系等。情境相关性研究在人才选任、绩效管理、改善生产等方面起到积极作用。

Situation Relevance and Its Moderating Effect Between Trait-Job Outcome Relationships

The principle of trait activation formalizes the trait–situation relationship by holding that the behavioral expression of a trait requires arousal of that trait by trait-relevant situational cues. Trait relevance and strength are distinct situational characteristics, and both are required for a full appreciation of situational factors involved in personality expression which have gradually gotten abroad attentions in the industrial and organizational psychology. This paper introduces the situational dimensions classification theory as well as the trait activation and evaluation model that are based upon the situational relevance. Traits will express as the work behaviour after the activation of some related cues in the situation. Consistent with the cues in the dimensions of different levels job behaviour may be evaluated as job performance. Several empirical researches have indicated that situational moderated variables may provide the trait aviation cues at three levels, and moderate the relationship between trait and work results, such as the job demand of task levels, the leadership behaviour of social levels, the leader-member exchange of the organizational levels and etc. The researcs on situation relevance play a important role in employee recruitmentc, performance mangement, production improvement and etc.