The underlying structure of the Beck Depression Inventory II: A multidimensional scaling approach |
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Authors: | Arie Cohen |
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Institution: | aBar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel |
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Abstract: | The purpose of the present study was to confirm Beck’s six symptom categorization of depression through the most recent version of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) by employing a confirmatory multidimensional scaling (MDS). This analysis indicates two independent dimensions in the BDI-II. The disturbance domain dimension relates to the domains wherein the disturbances occur, and validates Beck’s six symptom categorization dividing the items into disturbances in basic need-satisfaction, energy regulation, focused attention, regulation of emotion, motivation, and cognitive distortion in self-evaluation. The level of arousal dimension relates to how the disturbances are expressed, namely in an under-active, regular, or over-active manifestation. The MDS solution suggests 18 (6 × 3) symptom areas of depression, and may serve as a guide for constructing additional items. |
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Keywords: | Depression Beck Depression Inventory— Second edition Factor analysis Multidimensional scaling Smallest space analysis |
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