审美的测量:美术能力倾向测验的回顾与展望

美术能力倾向测验对美术人才的识别和选拔具有重要意义。现有测验可分为审美能力测量和艺术创作能力测量两种,其中审美能力测量的测验又可以分为审美判断测验和判断后选择判断理由的两种形式。但以往研究缺乏对审美知觉能力维度的实证研究、没有区分“主观美”和“客观美”,以及缺乏对各类型美术能力倾向测验效度的比较研究。未来可加深对审美知觉能力维度的实证研究,开发多类型美术能力判断测验并比较其效度,开发适用于小学生的美术能力倾向测验,以及开发适合我国国情的美术能力倾向测验。

Aesthetic Measurement:Review and Prospect of Art Aptitude Test

The art aptitude test is of vital importance for the identification and selection of artistic talents.The current tests can be categorized into two aspects:the assessment of aesthetic ability and capability for artistic production and the former can be divided into two forms:the test of aesthetic judgment and the selection of reasons after judgment.There are some issues in previous studies,however,such as the absence of empirical research on the dimensions of the esthetic perception ability,no distinction between “subjective beauty” and “objective beauty” and lack of comparative analysis on the validity of different kinds of the art aptitude test.Further empirical studies should be further deepened on the dimension of the ability for esthetic,the measurement of different kinds of art judgment tests,and the comparison of their validity.Art aptitude tests suitable for primary school can be developed and our national circumstances inside the future as well.