句子语境中语义联系效应和句法效应的研究

通过对比研究句子语境中句法成分和语义联系对目标词加工的不同影响，来探讨句子语境的作用机制和作用点问题。实验一采用词汇命名任务研究发现，句法违反对词汇命名会产生抑制作用，而语义违反对词汇命名却没有发现抑制作用。实验二利用词汇决定任务发现，句法和语义成分影响词汇决定任务，句法违反和语义违反对词汇决定任务均会产生抑制作用。结果表明，句子语境加工中，对内容词语义整合过程中存在一个句法成分的独立加工水平。

A Study on Semantic and Syntactic Effects in Sentence Context

We investigated the effect of a sentence context on the naming and decision time for a target word.Contexts were presented by means of a rapid serial visual presentation,and the subjects named the last word of the sentence or made a lexical decision for it.In the first experiments,naming latencies showed both a syntactic effect and a semantic relatedness effect that was stronger in syntactically appropriate conditions.The syntactic context effect,however,was independent of semantic relatedness and was observed in the absence of sensitivity to semantic anomaly.Thus,syntactic and semantic processings were largely dissociable in the naming task.In contrast,in the second experiments,decision latencies also showed both semantic and syntactic effects,but latencies appeared to be conjointly determined by syntactic and semantic contexts.The results suggested the existence of an isolatable level of syntactic assignment that preceded the semantic integration of content words in sentence comprehension.