Emotion and culture: A meta-analysis |
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Authors: | Dianne A. van Hemert Ype H. Poortinga Fons J. R. van de Vijver |
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Affiliation: | 1. University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands d.a.vanhemert@uva.nl;3. Tilburg University , Tilburg, The Netherlands;4. University of Leuven , Leuven, Belgium;5. North-West University , Potchefstroom, South Africa |
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Abstract: | A meta-analysis of 190 cross-cultural emotion studies, published between 1967 and 2000, was performed to examine (1) to what extent reported cross-cultural differences in emotion variables could be regarded as valid (substantive factors) or as method-related (statistical artefacts, cultural bias), and (2) which country characteristics could explain valid cross-cultural differences in emotion. The relative contribution of substantive and method-related factors at sample, study, and country level was investigated and country-level explanations for differences in emotions were tested. Results indicate that a correction for statistical artefacts and method-related factors reduced the observed cross-cultural effect sizes considerably. After controlling for valence (positive vs. negative emotions) and kind of study (self-report vs. recognition studies), the remaining cross-cultural variance was associated with subsistence mode, political system, values, and religiosity. Values explained more variance than did ecological or sociopolitical variables. It was concluded that both method-related factors (13.8% of variance explained) and culture-level factors (27.9% of variance explained) underlie observed cross-cultural differences. |
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Keywords: | Regret Criminal offenders Decision making Psychopathy Prisoners |
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