Meta-analytic evidence for a superordinate cognitive control network subserving diverse executive functions |
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Authors: | Tara A Niendam Angela R Laird Kimberly L Ray Y Monica Dean David C Glahn Cameron S Carter |
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Institution: | Imaging Research Center, University of California, Davis, 4701 X Street, Suite E, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. tniendam@ucdavis.edu |
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Abstract: | Classic cognitive theory conceptualizes executive functions as involving multiple specific domains, including initiation,
inhibition, working memory, flexibility, planning, and vigilance. Lesion and neuroimaging experiments over the past two decades
have suggested that both common and unique processes contribute to executive functions during higher cognition. It has been
suggested that a superordinate fronto–cingulo–parietal network supporting cognitive control may also underlie a range of distinct
executive functions. To test this hypothesis in the largest sample to date, we used quantitative meta-analytic methods to
analyze 193 functional neuroimaging studies of 2,832 healthy individuals, ages 18–60, in which performance on executive function
measures was contrasted with an active control condition. A common pattern of activation was observed in the prefrontal, dorsal
anterior cingulate, and parietal cortices across executive function domains, supporting the idea that executive functions
are supported by a superordinate cognitive control network. However, domain-specific analyses showed some variation in the
recruitment of anterior prefrontal cortex, anterior and midcingulate regions, and unique subcortical regions such as the basal
ganglia and cerebellum. These results are consistent with the existence of a superordinate cognitive control network in the
brain, involving dorsolateral prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and parietal cortices, that supports a broad range of executive
functions. |
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