互联网使用动机、行为与其社会-心理健康的模型构建

以581名大学生为被试，采用结构方程模型技术构建了互联网使用动机、病理性互联网使用行为与其相关社会-心理健康的关系模型。其中，互联网使用动机包括信息获取性动机和人际情感性动机两种模式；病理性互联网使用行为包括上网冲动性、分离/逃避和网上优越感三个初级因素；互联网相关社会-心理健康包括孤独感、社会参与度、一般抑郁、生活幸福感和生活满意度五个初级因素，并进一步概括为社会健康和心理健康两个维度。研究结果表明，基于信息获取性动机而使用互联网有助于相关社会-心理健康水平的提高；基于人际情感性动机而使用互联网更容易导致病理性互联网使用行为，并由此对使用者的社会-心理健康产生负面影响；大学生使用互联网的积极效应大于消极效应，且信息获取性动机对社会健康具有更大的积极效应，而人际情感性动机对对心理健康具有更大的消极效应

A Structural Equation Modeling of Motives, Behaviors of Internet Use and Related Social-Psychological Health

The relation between Internet use behavior and Internet-related social-psychological health has been a major research focus in the field of Cyber-Psychology.However,previous studies show inconsistent results.Kraut et al.(1998) believed that the Internet use might replace some of the social activities the real life,resulting in reduced social involvement and negative mental health and social-psychological detriment.LaRose et al.(2001),on the other hand,found that frequent Internet use and accumulation of online experience could improve users' self-efficacy,reduce their stress level from Internet use as well as their general stress level,and reduce depression levels by means of reinforcing a social support system.Shaw and Gant's study(2002) obtained results similar to LaRose et al.(2001),and concluded that the Internet had positive effects on its users.In a factor analysis,Weiser(2001) identified two motives of Internet use,which are Goods-and-Information Acquisition and Socio-Affective Regulation.Weiser(2001) suggested that the Internet use based on Goods-and-Information may advance users' mental health by improving their social integration,whereas the Internet use based on Socio-Affective Regulation may reduce users' mental health by creating negative effects on their social integration.It can be seen that different Internet-related social-psychological effects may depend on different motives of Internet use. Based on the previous work conducted by others and by us(Shen,Li,et al.,2004;Xu,Zhang,et al.,2004;Zhu,Zhang,et al.,2005),we claimed that different motives of Internet use would cause different Internet use behaviors,leading to different social-psychological effects.We proposed a mediating model in which the relation between motive of Internet use and various social-psychological effects was mediated by Internet use behavior.We tested the model using structural equation modeling on a sample of 581 undergraduate students.In the model,the motives of Internet use consisted of two facets which were labeled as Social-Affective motive and Information-Acquisition motive.Pathological Internet use behavior consisted of three primary behaviors which were referred to as online impulsiveness,distraction/avoidance and online social superiority.The social-psychological health related to Internet use had five dimensions which were loneliness,social involvement,general depression,life happiness and life satisfaction.These five factors were further extracted into the two higher-order factors of social health and psychological health. Structural equation modeling results showed that the Information-Acquisition motive improved Internet user's social health,whereas the Social-Affective motive led to pathological Internet use behavioral patterns and,through the mediating effect of pathological Internet use behavior,the Social-Affective motive also played an indirect role in negatively affecting users' social health and psychological health.Overall,the Information Acquisition motive had a positive effect and the Interpersonal-Affective motive had a negative effect on psychological health.The positive effect of Internet use seemed to have surpassed its negative effect with this sample of undergraduate students.