Discontinuities in early development of the understanding of physical causality |
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Authors: | Gisa Aschersleben Anne Henning Moritz M. Daum |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;2. Research Group “Infant Cognition and Action”, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany;3. Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | Research on early physical reasoning has shown surprising discontinuities in developmental trajectories. Infants possess some skills that seem to disappear and then re-emerge in childhood. It has been suggested that prediction skills required in search tasks might cause these discontinuities (Keen, 2003). We tested 3.5- to 5-year-olds’ understanding of collision events using a forced-choice paradigm with reduced prediction demands. Although the group as a whole performed at chance level, when the preschoolers were subdivided into three age groups, the oldest group performed above chance level. These findings suggest that it is unlikely to be prediction skills that affect young preschoolers’ performance on physical reasoning tasks. The findings lend support to a task-demand hypothesis, which proposes that discontinuities in developmental trajectories can be explained by differences in the extent to which cognitive processes are required by the different tasks. |
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Keywords: | Physical knowledge Preschoolers Infants Causality Graded representation Prediction |
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