语音回路与阅读理解关系的眼动研究

语音回路是工作记忆中的一个重要成分。由于工作记忆在言语理解中有重要作用，所以负责加工语音信息的语音回路可能也和阅读理解有密切关系。但是，迄今为止直接研究语音回路影响阅读理解的研究不是很多，而且得出的结论也不太一致。研究使用眼动分析方法探讨语音回路与汉语阅读理解的关系。研究采用抑制发音和错误干扰相结合的范式考查正常条件下和抑制发音条件下的阅读特点的差别性。结果表明：（1）在一般阅读难度情况下，语音回路会延缓阅读速度；（2）两种阅读条件下都出现了同音效应，即同音字的首次注视时间、总注视时间都比非同音字短；（3）语音在汉语阅读的早期就发挥了作用，而且同音字错误比非同音字错误更容易被恢复

Relations between Phonological Loop and Reading Comprehension: An Eye Movements Study

As a component of working memory model, Pphonological loop, which processes phonological information, is likely related to reading comprehension closely because working memory plays an important role in reading comprehension. Taking advantage of eye movement technique, we investigated the differences between normal reading and articulatory suppression reading. The aim of this study was to compare the roles of phonic and graphic information of Chinese characters in reading comprehension. A 2 (reading condition: normal and articulatory suppression) × 5 (types of target: see table 1) within-subject design was used in the experiment. Table 1 Type of stimuli 1 2 3 4 5 phonic same similar similar different different orthographic same similar different similar different Twenty-eight discourses with about 120 Chinese characters of each were selected. Each discourse had 2 target characters, which were assigned into 5 different types according to whether they were similar or not phonically and orthographically to the correct characters in the contexts (see table 1). Twenty-five college students with normal vision and right dominant hands participated in this experiment. Participants were asked to read a short story which was presented by a computer. Their eye movements were recorded by EyeLink eye tracking system while they were reading. There were three stages in each trial, including reading story, answering questions related to the story by pressing a key, and recognition test of some main words of the story by key pressing. Under the articulatory suppression, participants uttered “i:]” which is “one” in Chinese 2-3 times per second. The first fixation duration, gaze duration and total fixation duration of articulatory suppression reading were shorter than those of normal reading. A significant homophonic effect was found in two types of reading. Both phonic and Graphic information played an important role in the gaze duration or total fixation duration. The results indicated that: (1) phonological loop slowed down reading; (2) homophone effects were found under two different reading conditions, that is, first fixation and total fixation of homophone were shorter than those of non-homophone; (3) phonology played a role in early stage of Chinese reading and homophone errors could be corrected more easily than non-homophone ones