Subjective theories of exercise course instructors: causal attributions for dropout in health and leisure exercise programmes |
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| Institution: | 1. Psychologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany;2. Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1B1;3. HTWK Leipzig, Postfach 300066, 04251 Leipzig, Germany;1. Center for Systems and Community Design, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, United States;2. Department of Epidemiology, Gilling’s School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, United States;3. School of Medicine, City University of New York, United States;4. Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, United States;1. Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany;2. Joint Veterinary Practice, Papenburg, Germany;3. Bovine Health Service, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland;4. Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany;5. Department for Animal Welfare Service, Lower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Oldenburg, Germany;1. Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA;2. Gastroenterology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA;3. Gastroenterology, VA Medical Center Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA;4. Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA;5. Gastroenterology, Swedish Medical Group, Seattle, Washington, USA;6. Gastroenterology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA;7. Gastroenterology, Cedar-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA;8. Gastroenterology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;9. Pathology, VA Medical Center Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA;10. Gastroenterology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA;11. Gastroenterology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA;12. Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia;2. Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia;1. Oregon State University, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, 420 Waldo Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-6406, United States;2. University of North Carolina, Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, Chapel Hill, United States;3. University of Virginia, Curry School of Education, United States |
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| Abstract: | Objectives: Dropout is a major problem in exercise programmes. Investigations have usually focused on exercise participants. The present study examines dropout from the perspective of exercise course instructors.Design: Course instructors' cognitions about why participants quit their course were examined. Instructors evaluated a number of possible reasons for dropout and assessed the dropout rate in their courses.Sample: Instructors of exercise classes (N=343).Method: Self-reported cross-sectional mailed survey.Results: Cluster analysis supported three different types of exercise course instructors. Type 1 attribute the participants' quitting to external reasons (‘self-protecting type’). Type 2 evaluate all potential causes as irrelevant (‘disregarding type’). Type 3 assign equal weight to internal and external reasons, seemingly reflecting an adaptation to situational requirements (‘adaptive type’). Type 3 exercise course instructors report the highest increase in number of participants. They were therefore identified as successful in motivating and attracting participants to their programmes.Conclusion: Exercise course instructors' subjective theories about reasons for dropout may influence their ability to motivate individuals to remain in their programmes or attract them to programmes. |
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