类比推理的影响因素及脑生理基础研究

类比推理是不同于演绎，也不同于归纳的一种独立的推理形式。作为人类认知发展的中心能力之一，类比推理已逐渐成为当代认知研究的一个活跃领域。研究表明类比推理不仅受顺序、因果结构、上下文连贯性等项目特征的影响，并且与加工速度、工作记忆等其它认知能力有密切关系。有关类比推理的神经影像研究则主要发现大脑左半球前部和后部区域的参与，似可进一步从脑生理水平表明类比推理与工作记忆存在密切关系。

Some Behavioral and Functional Neuroimaging Studies on Analogical Reasoning

As one of central abilities in human cognitive development, analogical reasoning, which is different from deductive and inductive reasoning, has become an active field to study in current researching on human cognition. It was Indicated that analogical reasoning is not only affected by some characteristics of items, such as order, causal structure, contextual coherence et al, but also associated with other cognitive abilities, such as processing speed and working memory. The relationship between analogical reasoning and working memory is also revealed by functional neuroimaging, which indicated that the anterior and posterior regions of left hemisphere of human brain is involved in analogical reasoning.