汉语儿童的语音意识特点及阅读能力高低读者的差异

选取小学３，４，５年级儿童各２０名作为被试，系统探讨了儿童汉语普通话的音节意识、首音韵脚意识和音位意识的特点及发展，根据老师的评价把被试分为好的读者和差的读者。研究结果表明，语音意识测验成绩随年级的增长而提高；音节意识与首音一韵脚意识先于音位意识而发展；好、差读者在语音意识测验成绩上差异显著，而且，年级差异与好、差读者差异的程度和趋势是一致的，好、差读者在语音意识发展的速度上是不同的。

CHINESE PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS OF CHILDREN AND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GOOD AND POOR READERS

In this research, 20 children from each of 3, 4, 5 grades served as subjects,according to the teachers ' recommendation, each group of children subjects weredivided into good and poor readers. Several tasks were designed to study the featureand development of childres' syllable awareness, onset--rime awareness, and phonemicawareness. The results of this research indicated that: Chinese phonological awarenessof children developed with the increasing of grade, syllable awareness and onset--rimeawareness developed earlier than phonemic awareness. The Poor readers fall behindgood readers in their phonological awareness, the differences between good and poorreeders are analogous to those between older and younger children, and performanceof the older poor readers tends to resemble that of younger good readers, good andpoor readers tend to differ in the rate at which they develop phonological awareness.