Developmental Differences in Metacognition and their Connections with Cognitive Development in Adulthood |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Karin?Bakracevic?VukmanEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Slovenia;(2) Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Koroska 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia |
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Abstract: | This study investigated developmental differences in some metacognitive variables in ill-defined problem solving and their
possible connections with cognitive development in adulthood. Participants were 57 individuals of different ages (adolescents,
young adults, mature adults and older adults). They solved one well-defined and six ill-defined problems while their thinking-aloud
was taped. They then answered a metacognitive statements questionnaire. Differences in performance were statistically significant
in all problems: the best results in interpolation and divergent production problems were achieved by the younger adult group
and the best performance on most dialectical everyday problems was found in the mature adults' group. We found no significant
differences between age groups in the on-line monitoring of the solving process. Accuracy in metacognitive statements was
however significantly better in the mature adult and the younger adult groups. Awareness of and reflection on one's own mental
processes showed a similar developmental pattern to relativistic/dialectical thought: low expression in adolescence, an increase
in early adulthood, a peak in mature adulthood and a minor decline in later years. |
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Keywords: | metacognition relativistic/dialectical thought ill-defined problems self-awareness |
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