类比归纳的相似性效应和概念效应比较

该文用两个实验比较了类比归纳中的相似性效应和概念效应。预备实验首先检验了实验所使用的人工概念符号的效度。结果显示，研究采用的人工符号能够按照实验要求准确控制被试对概念关系和相似性的估计。预备实验还显示，在只有相似性或概念信息的条件下，人们更加信任概念信息。在正式实验中，相似性信息和概念信息同时呈现，结果显示，在概念信息明确的时候，人会忽略相似性信息；但在相似性信息和明确的时候，人不会忽略概念信息，因此，文章得出结论：概念是类比归纳的基本构成要素。

Comparing the Similarities-effect with Concept-effect In Analogical Induction

Two experiments compared the similarities -effect with concept -effect in inductive inference. The prearranged experimant inspected the validity of artificial concept symbols which would be used in the formal experiment. The resaults showed that using the artificial concept symbols experimenter could control in what degrees the subjects to estimate concpt - relations and similarties. The prearranged experiment also showed when there was only information of similaarties or concepts, people would rely on concepts much more. In the formal experiment, the informations of similarities and concepts were both presented at same time, and it was found that 1 ） when there were abundant concepts informations, people would neglect the similarities ; and 2 ） when there were abundant similarities informations, people would not neglect the concepts. So the conclusion was ： inductive inference is composed by concepts.