青少年饮酒期望与饮酒行为的关系:追踪研究的证据

通过对1000余名青少年为期一年的追踪调查,探讨了青少年饮酒期望与饮酒行为之间的关系,同时考察了饮酒期望的发展和性别差异。研究结果表明:(1)一年来青少年的饮酒行为、饮酒消极期望和饮酒积极期望都显著增加;女生的饮酒行为和饮酒积极期望的增加都显著高于男生。(2)第二次测查时,青少年的饮酒行为、饮酒积极期望和饮酒消极期望高于一年前原同年级的学生。(3)饮酒积极期望、消极期望和饮酒行为之间的基本关系一年来没有发生变化:消极期望可能降低饮酒行为,积极期望可能增加饮酒行为,消极期望对积极期望与饮酒行为的关系具有显著的调节作用。但是消极期望对饮酒行为的作用降低,积极期望的作用升高。

The Relationship between Alcohol Expectancies and Drinking Behavior in Adolescents: Evidence from the Longitudinal Research

This two-year longitudinal study mainly explored the developmental relationship between alcohol expectancies and drinking behavior.About 1000 adolescents in Beijing were selected to fill in the questionnaires.The results indicated that: (1) both drinking behavior and alcohol expectancies were increased during the two years.While the girl's developmental rates of drinking behavior and positive alcohol expectancy are higher than those of the boys.(2) as the low grade students reached higher grades,they demonstrated more varieties of drinking behavior and alcohol expectancies than the general level of the same grade a year ago.(3) the basic relationship among drinking behavior,positive expectancy and negative expectancy remained stable during the two years.But the effect of negative expectancy decreased while the effect of positive expectancy increased.