预期想象对拖延的影响:想象过程和想象结果的效应分离

摘要 为了考察预期想象对不同拖延水平个体拖延行为的影响，本研究采用一般拖延量表(General Procrastination Scale)选取高拖延被试和低拖延被试，要求被试在进行模拟现实的拖延任务之前分别对任务过程和任务结果进行预期想象，比较不同拖延水平的被试在预期想象作用下拖延行为的变化。结果表明：(1)在两组被试中，相比于无想象条件下的拖延行为，对任务过程的预期想象增强拖延行为，对任务结果的预期想象削弱拖延行为；(2)对任务不同成分的预期想象所引发的情绪与拖延行为的变化相关显著。这说明情绪和预期想象是影响拖延的重要因素，合理地操纵对任务不同成分的预期想象可以有效干预拖延行为。

How English Level Influences the Phonological Processing of Chinese Learners of English

The study aimed to examine how the English level of Chinese learners of English influenced the phonological processing, through a task with valid-phonetic-symbol-cue, invalid phonetic symbol cue or no-phonetic-symbol-cue. The results showed that participants with higher and lower English levels both had better performances in valid-phonetic-symbol-cue and no-phonetic-symbol-cue conditions than those with invalid phonetic symbol cue; participants with higher English level not showed no significant difference in recognition performance from those with lower English level.