安全文化的内容、影响因素及作用机制

安全文化研究反映了现代安全管理向社会控制的发展。大多研究在态度与价值观水平上采用问卷调查的方式研究安全文化，也称安全气氛研究，不同研究中安全文化的维度结构差异很大；另一种研究取向则主张采用各种定性方法研究组织现象背后的基本意会。民族文化、生产特点与组织环境等因素都对安全文化产生影响，而安全文化则通过个体变量影响组织的安全绩效。该文进一步分析了研究分歧的原因以及组织水平研究中变量整合水平问题。文章认为，应该采用三角方法来测量安全文化，弄清它的原因及结果，以指导安全管理实践。

Safety Culture's Contents, Causes and Working Mechanism

The research of safety culture indicates that contemporary safety management begins to focus on social control. Many researchers measured safety culture by measuring employees’ attitudes and beliefs, which traditionally belonged to safety climate, but the results differed vastly. Others argued that safety culture refers to the basic assumptions underlying those organizational phenomena, which should be studied qualitatively. Such factors as national culture, production process, and organizational characteristics, impact safety culture, and the later influences safety performance through some individual variables. The authors argue that triangulation methods should be used to totally assess safety culture, and the intervention be put into practice.