成年个体的心理理论与执行功能

为了说明成年个体心理理论与执行功能的发展及两者的关系,在匹配了智商和教育水平条件下,采用心理理论故事理解任务、失言理解任务和威斯康星卡片分类任务分别探察了30名62~77岁的老年人和30名19~25岁青年人的心理理论和执行功能。结果表明,老年人和青年人在2种心理理论任务上的得分与卡片分类任务的得分都不存在显著相关,老年人在失言任务上的得分显著低于青年人,在心理理论故事理解任务上和威斯康星卡片分类任务上,老年人的表现与青年人没有显著差异。结合已有的研究结果提示：心理理论与执行功能的相关模式在成年和学前阶段是不同的。

THEORY OF MIND AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN ADULTS

To explore development and relationship between theory of mind and executive function in old adults, 30 old (62~77 years old) and 30 young adults (19~25 years old) (IQ and educational level matched) were tested on stories with mental content, faux pas and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). The results showed that there were no significant correlations between scores on two kinds of theory of mind tasks and those on WCST in all participants. Young adults performed significantly better than old adults on faux pas. No significant differences existed between old and young adults on stories with mental content and WCST. Combined with previous findings, these results suggest that the pattern of correlation between theory of mind and executive function is different in adults and preschoolers.