Temporal dissociation between category-based and item-based processes in rejecting distractors |
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Authors: | Atsunori Ariga Katsumi Watanabe |
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Institution: | (1) Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan;(2) ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan;(3) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Higashi, Tsukuba, Japan |
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Abstract: | Presenting a target-like distractor in an RSVP task deteriorates the detection of a trailing target, because the visual system
has difficulties in rejecting the erroneously accepted distractor. We investigated whether the rejection process is influenced
by observers’ knowledge regarding possible distractors. Observers identified a letter (target) embedded in a stream of line
patterns, rejecting a preceding distractor (digit). We informed the observers about either the category of distractors (“digit”)
or the identity of the distractor (e.g., “5”). The distractors with certain distractor–target lags increased identification
errors, indicating that the distractor rejection process temporarily interfered with the target identification. When the observers
knew the distractor identity, the rejection process started later than when they knew only the distractor category. These
results suggest that the rejection process may operate at either the category or the individual-item level; however, the setting
of the rejection level is not under the observers’ control. |
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Keywords: | |
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