Predator odor avoidance as a rodent model of anxiety: learning-mediated consequences beyond the initial exposure |
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Authors: | Staples Lauren G |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Psychology C3A/Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia |
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Abstract: | Prey animals such as rats display innate defensive responses when exposed to the odor of a predator, providing a valuable means of studying the neurobiology of anxiety. While the unconditioned behavioral and neural responses to a single predator odor exposure have been well documented, the paradigm can also be used to study learning-dependent adaptations that occur following repeated exposure to a stressor or associated stimuli. In developing preclinical models for human anxiety disorders this is advantageous, as anxiety disorders seldom involve a single acute experience of anxiety, but rather are chronic and/or recurring illnesses. Part 1 of this review summarizes current research on the three most commonly used predator-related odors: cat odor, ferret odor, and trimethylthiazoline (a component of fox odor). Part 2 reviews the learning-based behavioral and neural adaptations that underlie predator odor-induced context conditioning, one-trial tolerance, sensitization, habituation and dishabituation. |
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Keywords: | Anxiety Context conditioning One-trial tolerance Sensitization Habituation/dishabituation Cat odor Ferret odor TMT |
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