分散注意条件下学优生与学困生视空间工作记忆的比较研究

通过控制干扰刺激量 ,研究分散注意对学优生和学困生视空间WM的影响。实验一的结果表明 :在不同干扰条件下 ,学困生视空间WM均比学优生差 ;干扰任务不仅影响学困生视空间WM的加工能力 ,也影响他们的存储能力。这说明学困生不能有效抑制外界干扰可能是他们视空间WM存在缺陷的主要原因之一。实验二的结果表明 :视空间WM有缺陷是各类学困生普遍存在的问题 ;对于学优生来说 ,不同类型学优生视空间WM不同 ,语文学优比数学学优的学生的视空间WM能力更强 ,主要表现在加工功能上。

Differences of the Visuospatial Working Memory among Students with Learning Disabilities and Excellent Students on the Divided Attention Conditions

This article concerned with how visuospatial working memory of students with learning disabilities was affected by divided attention,compared with excellent students.The results of the experiment 1 showed that under all divided attention conditions,students with learning disabilities were worse on working memory performance than excellent students;students with learning disabilities were impaired not only in processing capability but in storage capabilities on visuospatial working memory.The results suggested that the inefficacy on inhibiting distractions led into worse visuospatial working memory performance of students with learning disabilities.The results of experiment 2 showed that impairments of visuospatial working memory existed generally in all kind of students with learning disabilities;for excellent students,excellent students who were good in Chinese had better processing capability on visuospatial working memory than excellent students in Mathematics.