Cultural,Family, and Personal Values as Standards for Life Decisions Explored in Multicultural Counseling

Canadians and non-Canadians rated 20 life-decision areas as most influenced by (a) personal values, (b) family values, and (c) cultural values. Non-Canadians gave higher ratings to cultural values than did Canadians. This was attributed to non-Canadians relying on their heritage values, lacking full understanding of host country norms.