晚期癌症患者宁养疗护与伦理

晚期癌症患者宁养疗护强调人的生活质量与生命价值，其在实践中得到了长足的发展，正成为姑息医学中的重要部分。随着医学向生物心理社会医学模式转变和姑息医学快速发展，宁养疗护伦理问题日益凸显。宁养疗护伦理在医疗方面强调适度治疗与合理用药，护理方面强调患者生理、心理、灵性、社会和宗教等层面的整体性照顾。梳理宁养疗护伦理有利于在宁养疗护服务中做出最优伦理选择，这种选择需遵循不伤害原则，注重生命质量原则、适度治疗和舒适生存原则、尊重患者意愿原则以及公平正义的原则。

Patients with Advanced Cancer,Hospice Care and Ethics

Hospice care on patients with advanced cancer has made a great progress, which emphasizes life quality and life value. It is becoming an important part of palliative medicine. With the development of medicine mode from biology to biology-psychology-society, the problems of hospice care ethics becomes more and more obvious. Rational drug use and care for problems of physiological, psychological, spiritual, social and religious aspects are recommended. Hospice care ethics helps to make the optimal choice in nursing service, and it must follow the principle, such as nonmaleficence emphasizing fairness, quality of life, proper treatment, comfortable survival, and respecting the patient＇s wishes.