道路交通标志中对称结构效应的眼动研究

本研究考察了道路交通标志中路名信息对称结构效应的眼动模式。实验采用眼动跟踪技术和视觉搜索范式，共有16名被试参加。实验结果表明：（1）在对称结构路名信息的视觉搜索中，被试的反应正确率明显优于非对称结构条件下的正确率；（2）对称结构条件下，被试的注视点和回扫次数明显较少，凝视时间明显较短；（3）在以道路交通标志为视觉搜索材料时，搜索区有无路名目标对视觉搜索绩效没有影响。可以认为：在道路交通标志中存在对称结构效应；眼动模式的差异是引起对称结构效应的认知机制。

Eye Movement Study on Symmetry Effect in Structure of Road Traffic Signs

The present study explored the eye movement mode of symmetry effect in structure of road traffic signs. The experiment adopted the technology of eye movement tracking and the visual search tasks,and 16 participants were tested. The results showed that： （1）The accurate rate of symmetrical structure was higher than asymmetrical structure in visual search. （2）When the asymmetrical structure was employed, the number of fixation, gaze time and the number of regression were smaller than those when the symmetrical structure was used. （3） Whether the road aim was presented or not imposed no effect on the visual search performance. Thus, it was concluded that there is symmetry effect in structure of road traffic signs and it is the difference of eye movement mode that induces the cognitive mechanism of the symmetry effect in structure of road traffic signs.