In search of templates |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York;2. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York;3. Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology and Immunology, and Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women''s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York;4. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York;1. Observatório Sismológico, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, SG-13, Brasília – DF, 70910-0900, Brazil;2. IAG – USP, Rua do Matão 1226, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | This study reflects a recent shift towards the study of early stages of expert memory acquisition for chess positions. Over the course of 15 sessions, two subjects who knew virtually nothing about the game of chess were trained to memorise positions. Increase in recall performance and chunk size was captured by power functions, confirming predictions made by the template theory [Cogn. Psychol. 31 (1996) 1; Memory 6 (1998) 225; Cogn. Sci. 24 (2000) 651]. The human data were compared to that of a computer simulation run on CHREST (Chunk Hierarchy and REtrieval STructures), an implementation of the template theory. The model accounts for the pattern of results in the human data, although it underestimates the size of the largest chunks and the rate of learning. Evidence for the presence of templates in human subjects was found. |
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