输出方式和输出时间对数字广度的影响

实验目的是探讨在不同的输出方式下，输出时间对短时记忆的影响是否相同。在数字广度实验中，给被试呈现单个数字组成的数字串，要求被试分别采用口头和书写两种输出方式来报告不同的内容：直接报告刺激呈现的单个数字串，以及在每个数字前附加不同长度的字符报告。结果发现附加字符使口头和书写的输出时间都增加。但在口头报告中，输出时间增加的同时伴随着记忆成绩下降，而书写报告的记忆成绩不受影响。讨论了此结果的意义，推测输出阶段中影响记忆成绩的可能是发音时间，而不是延迟时间。

INFLUENCE OF OUTPUT MODE AND OUTPUT TIME FOR DIGIT SPAN

The purpose of this experiment was to discuss the influence of output time for performance of short-term memory (STM) in oral and writing output modes. The task was a digit span test. When presenting singular sequences, subjects were required to report two kinds of sequences in oral and writing modes, one was the original singular sequences, the other was the sequences with additional characters of different length prior to each digit. Given stimuli of the same length, we found that the output time was longer when adding some characters in both oral and writing output modes. The performance declined with the increase of the output time in oral report, but not in writing. This result inferred that the total output time was not a good predictor of span in STM. On the other hand, it also suggested that the influential factormay not be delay time, but articulatory time.