Hope versus optimism in Singaporean adolescents: Contributions to depression and life satisfaction |
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| Authors: | Shyh Shin Wong Timothy Lim |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Education, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China;2. Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China;2. School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China;1. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States of America;2. Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States of America;3. Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, United States of America;4. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States of America;5. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women''s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States of America |
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| Abstract: | This study explored the discriminant validity of optimism and hope in accounting for unique variance in depression and life satisfaction for 334 secondary school students from Singapore. Correlational analysis showed that optimism and hope were significantly correlated with each other. Hierarchical multiple regression findings indicated that both optimism and hope significantly predicted depression and life satisfaction even after controlling for hope and optimism, respectively. However, the incremental unique variance accounted for in depression by optimism is 6% more than that accounted for by hope in terms of R2 Change values. Simultaneous multiple regression analyses using the subscale scores found that only agency, optimism, and pessimism contributed uniquely to the variance in depression and life satisfaction. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed. |
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