The role of action in implicit learning

This study looks at whether or not a crucial role is played by the learner's own actions in tasks known to give rise to implicit learning. Experiment 1 shows that experience of watching another person controlling Berry and Broadbent's (1984) sugar production and person interaction tasks has no effect on subsequent control performance. Experiment 2 demonstrates that this lack of effect of observing is limited to tasks where the underlying relationship is not obvious or salient. In Experiment 3 the length of the observation period is doubled, but this still has no beneficial effect on subsequent control performance. Experiments 4 and 5 address the question of what it is about controlling itself that leads to learning. They examine whether it is the decision-making component or the physical interaction component that is important. The results emphasize the importance of the role of action in learning to control these tasks. They show that decision must be tied to action in order to be maximally effective, at least in the early stages of learning.