临床指征优先谨慎使用抗菌药物

抗菌药物是临床广泛应用的一类药物。根据卫生部全国医院感染监测网监测结果，我国临床抗菌药物使用率较高。抗菌药物压力是细菌产生耐药性最重要的原因。对于临床谨慎使用抗菌药物来说，知晓和掌握使用指征是非常重要的，在任何情况任何时候，指征是优先考虑的。抗茵药物使用指征包括治疗性用药指征和预防性用药指征，尤其是预防用药方面。本文讨论抗菌药物应用指征，包括感染诊断与治疗性用药的关系、手术前预防性使用抗菌药物预防手术部位、内科患者预防性使用抗菌药物指征与药物选择等。

Priority of Clinical Indication,Prudent Use of Antimicrobial Agents

Antimicrobial agents are extensive used drugs in clinical practice, according the survey results of Chinese National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System, Ministry of Public Health , antimicrobial use rate is higher in clinical practice in China. Antimicrobial pressure is the main cause of bacterial drug resistance . For prudent use of antimicrobial agents in clinical practice , it is very important to know and master the indications of antimicrobial use, in any circumstance and at any time, indication is priority. Antimicrobial use indications include treatment use and prophylaxis use,especially in the prophylaxis aspect. This paper discuss the indications for antimicrobial use, include the relationship between infection diagnosis and antimicrobial use for treatment, pre operation antimicrobial prophylaxis for prevention of surgical site infection, prophylaxis indications and choice of antimicrobial agents for internal medicine patients.