Organizational psychology in elite sport: Its emergence,application and future |
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| Authors: | David Fletcher Christopher R.D. Wagstaff |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Ashby Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom;2. Cardiff School of Sport, University of Wales Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom;1. Institute of Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Metropolitan University, Fairfax Hall, Headingley Campus, Leeds LS6 3QS, United Kingdom;2. University of Bristol, United Kingdom;1. Technical University Chemnitz, Institute of Applied Movement Sciences, Chemnitz, Germany;2. Leipzig University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Leipzig, Germany;1. School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, Canada;2. Department of Physical Education, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan;3. Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland;4. Human Studies Program, Laurentian University, Canada;1. University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth Business School, Richmond Building, Portland Street, Portsmouth, PO1 3DE, UK;2. University of Portsmouth, Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Spinnaker Building, Cambridge Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2ER, UK;3. University of Exeter, Exeter Business School, Rennes Drive, Exeter, EX4 4PU, UK |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThe rapid development of elite sport in Europe and across the world has had far-reaching psychosocial ramifications for those operating within its sphere of influence. Whilst sport psychologists in the latter part of the 20th century largely focused on the cognitive determinates of elite performance, the findings of recent research suggest that sport psychologists in the 21st century will need to better understand the organizational influences on world-class athletes. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to discuss the emergence, application and future of organizational psychology knowledge in elite performance sport.MethodNarrative review and commentary.Results and conclusionThe review discusses the findings of six lines of inquiry that point to the salience of organizational issues in elite sport: i) factors affecting Olympic performance; ii) organizational stress in athletes, coaches and parents; iii) perceptions of roles within sports teams; iv) organizational success factors in sport and business; v) performance environments in elite sport; and vi) organizational citizenship behavior in sport. The commentary then focuses on the theoretical underpinnings and practical implementation of organizational service delivery in elite sport, and concludes by reflecting on how developments in this area have the potential to inform future practice and research relating to the psychology of elite sport. |
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