自我欺骗的研究现状与展望

西方哲学、心理学等领域对"自我欺骗"开展了有影响力的研究。早期的理论家关注自我欺骗的意识特征。弗洛伊德通过指出意识和无意识可以由动机推动,开创了自我欺骗研究的新阶段。众多研究者采纳了弗洛伊德的思想,解释了为什么自我欺骗在自我服务偏向、社会称许性、进化等行为中起重要作用。自我欺骗作为一种个体普遍经验到的心理现象,其可能是自我服务偏向的本质所在。文章最后分析了心理学界开展自我欺骗研究的意义和未来研究的方向。

The Research on Self-deception: Its Present and Future

Western philosophers and psychologists have been doing influential researches on self-deception.The earliest researchers paid great attention to whether self-deception was conscious or unconscious.Freud introduced self-deception into a distinct stage of development by pointing out that both consciousness and unconsciousness can be driven by motivation.Many researchers adopted Freud's viewpoints and explained why selfdeception played such an important role in Self Serving Bias(SSB),Socially Desirable Responding and Evolution.As a pervasive mental phenomenon,self-deception may be the essence of SSB.At the end,the importance and the prospect of self-deception research was discussed.