Where to look first for an explanation of induction with uncertain categories |
| |
Authors: | Griffiths Oren Hayes Brett K Newell Ben R Papadopoulos Christopher |
| |
Institution: | (1) University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia |
| |
Abstract: | Recent research has examined how people predict unobserved features of an object when its category membership is ambiguous.
The debate has focused on whether predictions are based solely on information from the most likely category, or whether information
from other possible categories is also used. In the present experiment, we compared these category-based approaches with feature
conjunction reasoning, where predictions are based on a comparison among exemplars (rather than categories) that share features
with a target object. Reasoning strategies were assessed by examining patterns of feature prediction and by using an eye gaze
measure of attention during induction. The main findings were (1) the majority of participants used feature conjunction rather
than categorical strategies, (2) people predominantly gazed at the exemplars that were most similar to the target object,
and (3) although people gazed most at the most probable category to which an object could belong, they also attended to other
plausible category alternatives during induction. These findings question the extent to which category-based reasoning is
used for induction when category membership is uncertain. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|