论儒家道德的产生机制

道德的中心问题是善。在儒家文化体系里，善、仁与圣都具有这一含义。善何以可能这一道德哲学的问题，在儒家思想体系里，也就演变为仁、圣何以可能的问题。仁的本义是爱亲人，因此，爱亲人的孝自然成为儒家思想的基础。而将仁爱上升为博爱众生，则为圣。因此．圣不仅是道德理想，同样也是政治理念。仁与圣的实现，在孔子那里，依靠忠恕，推己及人；在孟子那里，则为推恩。以自我的情感为基础发生的情感转移，休谟称之为同情。因此，聚合理念与生理因素的同情是孔、孟善何以可能的基础。同时，这也揭示了道德发生的机制。

How Does Confucianism Morality Occur

The good is the central part within morality,which is rendered in the forms of the good,benevolence and sage in Confucian moral system.Thereby,the inquiry of the occurrence turns out to the question of how benevolence and sage occur.The essential of benevolence is of piety.To extend this love over all the beings indicates the promotion of the love of benevolence into the character of the sage,the Great.The occurrence of both benevolence and sage rests on loyalty and compassion in the case of Confucius and lies on the extension of debt in the case of Mencius.Accordingly,both converge on compassion,a transition of the imagination in the view of Hume.This transition exposes the dynamics of morality including Confucianism morality.