Perspective taking instructions and self-other overlap: Different motives for helping |
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Authors: | Michael W Myers Sean M Laurent Sara D Hodges |
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Institution: | 1. Showa University, Tokyo, Japan 2. University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA 3. University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
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Abstract: | In two studies (N’s = 57 and 115), we demonstrate that type of perspective-taking instruction (“imagine self” vs. “imagine other”) differentially affects two motives for helping: self-other overlap and empathic concern. Imagine-self instructions produce greater self-other overlap than imagine-target and objective instructions, while both types of perspective-taking instruction promote empathic concern relative to an objective condition. In Study 2, imagine-self instructions indirectly increased the likelihood of helping via empathic concern and self-other overlap, while imagine-target instructions led indirectly to greater helping only through empathic concern. We discuss how different perspective-taking instructions may implicate different emotional and motivational paths to increasing helping. |
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