基因-环境交互作用理论模型及其检验方法

素质?压力模型、不同易感性模型和优势敏感性模型是当前有关基因?环境交互作用的三种代表性理论模型。素质?压力模型认为“近墨者黑”或“出淤泥而不染”, 优势反应敏感性模型认为“近朱者赤”, 而不同易感性模型则兼收并蓄, 认为某些个体近墨则黑, 近朱则赤。检验上述模型的现实有效性是当前基因?环境交互作用研究领域的热点问题之一。概观而言, 分组回归和分层回归是常用的传统检验方法, 显著性区域分析法和新参数回归模型法则是新近兴起的。未来研究需要进一步探索三种模型的领域特殊性、种族差异等问题, 检验这些模型的方法也有待改善。

Theory Models on Gene-environment Interaction

There are three representative theory models about gene-environment interaction: diathesis-stress model, differential susceptibility model and vantage sensitivity model. Diathesis-stress model advocates that one who stays near ink gets stained black, vantage sensitivity model, however, suggests that one who stays near vermilion gets stained red, and differential susceptibility model is eclectic. To verify the above-mentioned model has been one of the focuses of research on gene-environment interaction. The grouping regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis are the traditional methods to test these three models, and the region of significance and the re-parameterized regression model are the newly emerging ones. Future research could focus on the issues of domain-specificity, the ethnic difference, developmental change and the underlying mechanism of the gene-environment interaction. The measurement and method to examine the interaction between gene and environment also remain improved.