Invisible own- and other-race faces presented under continuous flash suppression produce affective response biases |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China;3. Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;5. Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;6. Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;7. Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;1. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Psychologie, Berlin, Germany;2. Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany;1. Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK;2. West Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, West Midlands, UK;1. Neuroscience and Society Lab, SISSA, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy;2. Cognitive Science Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel;3. Faculty of Psychology, Department of Applied Psychology: Health, Development, Enhancement and Intervention, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria;1. School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;2. Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;3. Department of Psychology and Center for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;1. Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Maastricht University, 6229EV Maastricht, The Netherlands;2. Department of Computer Science, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK |
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| Abstract: | One triumph of the human mind is the ability to place the multitudinous array of people we encounter into in- and out-group members based on racial characteristics. One fundamental question that remains to be answered is whether invisible own- and other-race faces can nevertheless influence subsequent affective judgments. Here, we employed continuous flash suppression (CFS) to render own- and other-race faces unperceivable in an affective priming task. Both on-line and off-line awareness checks were employed to provide more stringent control of partial awareness. Results revealed that relative to own-race faces, imperceptible other-race faces significantly facilitated participants’ identification of negative words, suggesting an other-race derogation bias. When faces were presented consciously, we found that not only other-race faces facilitated detection of negative words, but also own-race faces facilitated detection of positive words. These findings together provide novel and strong evidence suggesting that invisible racial faces can bias affective responses. |
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| Keywords: | Unconsciousness Affective priming Interocular suppression Continuous flash suppression |
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