Attention and cognitive penetrability: The epistemic consequences of attention as a form of metacognitive regulation |
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Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Parenting and Special Education Research Group, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;2. Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium |
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Abstract: | A recent approach to the cognitive penetrability of perception, i.e. the possibility that perception is shaped top-down by high-level cognitive states such as beliefs and desires, proposes to understand the phenomenon on the basis of its consequences, among which there is a challenge for the epistemic role of perceptual experience in justifying beliefs (Stokes, 2015). In this paper, I argue that some attentional phenomena qualify as cases of cognitive penetrability under this consequentialist approach. I present a popular theory of attention, the biased-competition theory, on which basis I establish that attention is a form of metacognitive regulation. I argue that attention (as metacognitive regulation) involves the right kind of cognitive-perceptual relation and leads to the same epistemic consequences as other more traditional versions of cognitive penetrability. |
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Keywords: | Attention Cognitive penetrability Biased-competition Metacognition Perceptual epistemology |
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