Cognitive control outside of conscious awareness |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory for the Psychology of Child Development and Education (LaPsyDÉ), CNRS Unit 8240, 75005 Paris, France;2. Institut de Psychologie, Paris Descartes University, USPC, 75006 Paris, France;3. University of Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen, France;4. Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France;1. Department of Education, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, United States;3. Department of Psychology, University of Washington, United States;1. CIMeC, University of Trento, Italy;2. DCP, University IUAV of Venice, Italy;1. Laboratory for the Psychology of Child Development and Education, Sorbonne, CNRS UMR8240, Paris, France;2. Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France;3. Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France;4. Biomarkers of Brain Development and Disorders, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR894, Paris, France;5. Centre for Neurolinguistics and Psycholinguistics, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele and Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy;6. Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA DSV/I2BM, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France;7. Universitat de Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona & ICREA, Spain;1. Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, 331 D Baker Hall, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;2. Siegler Center for Innovative Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;3. Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, 455 W. Lindsey St., 727 Dale Hall Tower, Norman, OK 73019, USA;1. Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA;2. Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China |
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| Abstract: | To test whether cognitive control can operate fully unconsciously on conflicts arising between two interfering subliminal stimuli, we designed a priming paradigm in which a subliminal reverse Color-Word Stroop item (a color word written on a congruent/incongruent color rectangle) preceded a supraliminal one in each trial. We found (a) a conflict adaptation effect, with a smaller reverse Stroop effect on the visible probe items after incongruent than after congruent subliminal prime items and (b) a negative priming effect, with longer reaction-times on incongruent visible probe items when the color word corresponded to the color of the rectangle in the preceding subliminal prime item than when it was not. These effects replicate the ones classically reported in studies using visible items and suggest that cognitive control was transferred from the subliminal prime to the visible probe items. Taken together, our results demonstrate that cognitive control can operate on conflicting subliminal information. |
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| Keywords: | Consciousness Cognitive control Conflict adaptation Negative priming Stroop |
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