Opposite ERP effects for conscious and unconscious semantic processing under continuous flash suppression |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;2. Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;3. Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;5. School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia;1. Dept. of Psychology,University of Tartu,Kaarli Pst 3,Tallinn,10119,Estonia,talis.bachmann@ut.ee,+(372) (0) 627 1891;2. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences,University of Milan,Italy,renate.rutiku@unimi.it;1. School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, No.850, HuangHe Road, Dalian, LiaoNing 116029, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Cognitive, Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, No.19, XinjiekouWai Street, Beijing 100895, China;3. Electrical Geodesics, Inc., 1600 Millrace, Dr., Eugene, OR 97403, USA;4. Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA;1. Department of Psychology, University of Turku, 20014 Finland;2. Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Turku, 20014 Finland;3. Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, 20014 Finland;4. School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, 54128 Sweden;1. Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, The Netherlands;1. University of Ulm, Department of Psychiatry, Germany;2. Saarland University, Department of Psychology, Germany;1. Visual Perception Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité – Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;2. Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany |
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| Abstract: | We examined whether semantic processing occurs without awareness using continuous flash suppression (CFS). In two priming tasks, participants were required to judge whether a target was a word or a non-word, and to report whether the masked prime was visible. Experiment 1 manipulated the lexical congruency between the prime-target pairs and Experiment 2 manipulated their semantic relatedness. Despite the absence of behavioral priming effects (Experiment 1), the ERP results revealed that an N4 component was sensitive to the prime-target lexical congruency (Experiment 1) and semantic relatedness (Experiment 2) when the prime was rendered invisible under CFS. However, these results were reversed with respect to those that emerged when the stimuli were perceived consciously. Our findings suggest that some form of lexical and semantic processing can occur during CFS-induced unawareness, but are associated with different electrophysiological outcomes. |
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| Keywords: | Continuous flash suppression Semantic processing Consciousness Priming Lexical decision P2 P6 N4 |
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