Perception of self-motion from visual flow |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany;2. Medical Faculty, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands;1. Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong, BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam;2. Human Performance Lab, Performance Optimisation Centre, Ministry of Defence, Bolkiah Garrison, BB 3510, Brunei Darussalam;1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA;2. Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA;3. Center for Bionic Medicine, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA;4. Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA;1. Perceptual and Cognitive Systems, TNO, P.O. Box 23, 3769 ZG Soesterberg, Netherlands;2. Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands;1. VU University, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. TNO Perceptual and Cognitive Systems, Soesterberg, The Netherlands;3. Coventry University, Centre for Mobility and Transport, Coventry, UK;1. Bioastronautics and Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3141, USA;2. Jenks Vestibular Physiology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA;3. Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Accurate and efficient control of self-motion is an important requirement for our daily behavior. Visual feedback about self-motion is provided by optic flow. Optic flow can be used to estimate the direction of self-motion (‘heading’) rapidly and efficiently. Analysis of oculomotor behavior reveals that eye movements usually accompany self-motion. Such eye movements introduce additional retinal image motion so that the flow pattern on the retina usually consists of a combination of self-movement and eye movement components. The question of whether this ‘retinal flow’ alone allows the brain to estimate heading, or whether an additional ‘extraretinal’ eye movement signal is needed, has been controversial. This article reviews recent studies that suggest that heading can be estimated visually but extraretinal signals are used to disambiguate problematic situations. The dorsal stream of primate cortex contains motion processing areas that are selective for optic flow and self-motion. Models that link the properties of neurons in these areas to the properties of heading perception suggest possible underlying mechanisms of the visual perception of self-motion. |
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