Consciousness is still in business |
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| Authors: | Yossi Guterman |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People''s Republic of China;2. Department of Medical Pharmacology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan;3. Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People''s Republic of China;1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;2. Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;3. Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;1. School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China;2. Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, China;1. Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, via Trentino 51, 09127, Cagliari, Italy;2. CNR-IGG, UOS Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, I-50121, Firenze, Consultant, Centro di Geotecnologie, Università di Siena, Italy;3. Geography Department, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;4. U.S. Geological Survey, MS 963 Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO, 80225, USA;5. U.S. Geological Survey, 2329 W Orton Circle, Salt Lake City, UT, 84119, USA |
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| Abstract: | In a recent study (Hassin, Bargh, Engell, & McCulloch, 2009, Exp. 4) half of the participants were informed of the occasional occurrence of location regularities (patterns) in visual stimulus sets, while the other half was not. Evidence was presented to the effect that uninformed participants extracted the patterns from the displays better than the informed participants. The authors interpret their finding as demonstrating that working memory (WM) can operate non-consciously. However, inspection of the data suggests that rather than being more effective than the informed participants in extracting patterns, uninformed participants were more strongly affected by the “Broken Patterns” that served as misleading cues. Thus whereas the findings may support the possibility of non-conscious operation of low level WM functions, they nevertheless underscore the importance of conscious awareness as far as higher level functions are concerned. |
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