Aging and implicit memory: Examining the contribution of test awareness |
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| Authors: | Lisa Geraci Terrence M Barnhardt |
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| Institution: | 1. Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M6A 2E1;2. University of California, Davis, CA, United States;1. Center for DNA Typing, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi''an 710032, China;2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi''an 710032, China;3. Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi''an 710032, China;4. Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi''an 710032, China;5. Department of Neurosurgery, PLA 463 Hospital, Shenyang 110042, China;6. Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China;1. Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Jaén, Spain;2. Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Granada, Spain;1. Tokyo Metropolitan University, Asahigaoka 6-6 Hinoshi, Tokyo 191-0065, Japan;2. Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi 3-27-1 Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan |
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| Abstract: | The study examined whether test awareness contributes to age effects in priming. Younger and older adults were given two priming tests (word-stem completion and category production). Awareness was assessed using both a standard post-test questionnaire and an on-line measure. Results from the on-line awareness condition showed that, relative to older adults, younger adults showed higher levels of priming and awareness, and a stronger relationship between the two, suggesting that awareness could account for age differences in priming. In contrast, in the post-test questionnaire condition, there was no age effect in word-stem completion or category production priming, despite the fact that awareness was greater in younger than older adults in the word-stem completion test and that category production priming was dependent on awareness in both age groups. These results suggest that awareness may mediate age effects in priming, but only under conditions of relatively high levels of awareness. |
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