Locus of Knowledge as a Determinant of the Effects of Participation on Performance,Affect, and Perceptions |
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| Institution: | 1. US Oncology Research, McKesson Specialty Health, The Woodlands, TX;2. Texas Oncology, Baylor-Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas, TX;3. Texas Oncology, Wichita Falls, KS;4. Cancer Centers of North Carolina, Raleigh, NC;5. Texas Oncology-Houston Memorial City, Houston, TX;6. Kansas City Cancer Center-Southwest, Overland Park, KS;7. Maryland Oncology Hematology PA, Columbia, MD;8. Texas Oncology-Methodist Charlton Cancer Center, Dallas, TX;9. Texas Oncology-Tyler, Tyler, TX;10. Texas Oncology-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX;11. Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Henderson, NV;12. Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO;1. The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia;2. Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK;3. Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK;4. Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK;5. Wesnes Cognition Ltd, Streatley on Thames, RG8 9RD, UK;6. Medical School, University of Exeter, UK;7. Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia;8. Medicinal Plant Research Group, Newcastle University, UK;9. Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QC, UK;1. Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;2. Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London St Thomas’ Hospital Campus, London, UK;1. Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada;2. Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil;3. Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Participation has been a concern of both theorists and practitioners for many decades, but sophisticated analyses of the literature have been inconclusive with respect to its performance and affective benefits (Wagner & Gooding, 1987). The present study used an experimental design to test the hypothesis that the effectiveness of participation in promoting high performance would depend upon the locus of knowledge. Thus, high performance would result if (a) there was no participation and the supervisor had correct information, and if (b) there was participation and at least one party had correct information and neither had incorrect (i.e., conflicting) information. Lower performance would result under other conditions. We also tested the hypothesis that supervisors and subordinates under participation would have more positive affect than those who did not. These hypotheses were supported in a 2 × 3 × 3 experiment varying participation (Participation and No Participation), supervisor information (Correct, Incorrect, and No Information), and subordinate information (Correct, Incorrect, and No Information). Both supervisors and subordinates reported more positive affect and perceptions under Participation (versus No Participation) regardless of their degree of correct knowledge. |
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