The effect of questioning on young children's memory for an event |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Southern California Evidence-based Practice Center, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 90401, United States;2. Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, United States;3. Departments of Pediatrics & Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States;4. Southern California Evidence-based Practice Center, RAND Corporation, Arlington, VA, 22202, United States;5. School of Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China;6. Southern California Evidence Review Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States;1. Department of Radiology, Trauma Center Murnau, Prof.-Küntscher-Straße 8, D-82418 Murnau, Germany;2. Institute of Biomechanics, Trauma Center Murnau and Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Prof.-Küntscher-Straße 8, D-82418, Murnau, Germany;3. Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, 4401 Wornall Road, Kansas City, MO, 64111, USA;4. Division of Radiology, SALK, Gemeinnützige Salzburger Landeskliniken Betriebsgesellschaft mbH, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria;5. EURAC-Institute for Mummy Studies, Viale Druso 1, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy;6. Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21, LT-03101, Vilnius, Lithuania;1. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Infection Antimicrobials Modelling & Evolution (IAME), unity 1137, Paris, France;2. Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France;3. Department of Reproductive Biology, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France;4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France;5. Department of Infectious Diseases, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France;6. Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire Risk and Pregnancy, Paris, France;7. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Louis Mourier Hospital, AP-HP, Colombes, France;8. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY |
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| Abstract: | The effect of adult questioning on young children's memory for an event was examined. Three groups of 4- and 5-year-old children experienced two special events. The questioning group was then asked a set of questions about one of the events on four different occasions over a 7-week period. At the end of the 7 weeks, all children were tested for recall of the two events. The experience of answering questions enhanced the memory performance of the children in the questioning group. However, comparison of the performance of the questioning group with that of two control groups showed that their memory improvement was extremely specific: (a) The questioning group did better only on the specific questions they had been repeatedly asked, (b) There was no general enhancement of recall; they were no better on new questions about the same event, (c) The enhancement was not specific to the experience of retrieving information from long-term memory; the performance of a control group with no long-term memory demands was almost identical to that of the questioning group. The results of this study support the view that adult questioning of young children enhances memory for the specific information about which questions have been asked, but it does not have generalized effects on memory performance or development. |
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