Effects of alcohol on speed and accuracy in choice reaction time and visual search |
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| Authors: | E A Maylor P M Rabbitt A Sahgal C Wright |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;2. Center for Brain and Cognition, and Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;3. Serra Húnter Fellow Programme, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;1. College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;2. Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;3. Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;4. Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sichuan, People''s Republic of China;5. Lions of Illinois Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;6. Lifespan Cardiovascular Institute and the Warren Alpert School of Medicine of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA;7. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;8. National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA |
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| Abstract: | Thirty-six subjects were each tested in three sessions on separate days, in which they were given 0, 0.33 or 1.0 ml alcohol per kg body weight (the order of administration being counterbalanced across subjects). Performance on two tasks requiring both speed and accuracy was studied in all three sessions. The first was a four-choice serial reaction time task in which the subject had to press one of four keys in response to four stimuli (A, B, C and D) presented in a random order. The second was a visual search task requiring the cancellation of two targets (the digits ‘0’ and ‘1’) from a random sequence of letters. Compared to no alcohol, the small dose did not affect speed but improved accuracy in both tasks, while the large dose impaired speed in the first task and accuracy in the second. The results therefore demonstrate that the effects of alcohol on performance are dependent upon both the quantity ingested and the particular task required. |
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