Sensory memory consolidation observed: Increased specificity of detail over days |
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| Authors: | Norman M. Weinberger Alexandre A. Miasnikov Jemmy C. Chen |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK;2. Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK;3. Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany;1. College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;3. Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA;1. Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, University College London, UK;2. Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany;3. Department of Neurology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Germany;4. Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK;5. Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, UK;6. Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy;7. Boston University, Neurology Department, Boston, MA, USA;1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SP30-1501, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;2. Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Plaça de la Mercè, 10-12, 08002 Barcelona, Spain;1. Biobehavioural Addictions and Concurrent Disorders Laboratory (BACDRL), Schizophrenia Division, Complex Mental Illness Program Center for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, M5T 1R8 Toronto, Ontario, Canada;2. Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen Street West, M6J 1H4 Toronto, Ontario, Canada;3. Department of Psychiatry, Brain and Therapeutics Division, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, M5T 1R8 Toronto, Ontario, Canada;4. School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, M3J 1P3 Toronto, Ontario, Canada;1. Musical Skill and Injury Center (MuSIC), Sophia University, Japan;2. School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, USA;3. SONY Computer Science Laboratory (CSL), Japan |
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| Abstract: | Memories are usually multidimensional, including contents such as sensory details, motivational state and emotional overtones. Memory contents generally change over time, most often reported as a loss in the specificity of detail. To study the temporal changes in the sensory contents of associative memory without motivational and emotional contents, we induced memory for acoustic frequency by pairing a tone with stimulation of the cholinergic nucleus basalis. Adult male rats were first tested for behavioral responses (disruption of ongoing respiration) to tones (1–15 kHz), yielding pre-training behavioral frequency generalization gradients (BFGG). They next received three days of training consisting of a conditioned stimulus (CS) tone (8.00 kHz, 70 dB, 2 s) either Paired (n = 5) or Unpaired (n = 5) with weak electrical stimulation (～48 μA) of the nucleus basalis (100 Hz, 0.2 s, co-terminating with CS offset). Testing for behavioral memory was performed by obtaining post-training BFGGs at two intervals, 24 and 96 h after training. At 24 h post-training, the Paired group exhibited associative behavioral memory manifested by significantly larger responses to tone than the Unpaired group. However, they exhibited no specificity in memory for the frequency of the tonal CS, as indexed by a flat BFGG. In contrast, after 96 h post-training the Paired group did exhibit specificity of memory as revealed by tuned BFGGs with a peak at the CS-band of frequencies. This increased detail of memory developed due to a loss of response to lower and higher frequency side-bands, without any change in the absolute magnitude of response to CS-band frequencies. These findings indicate that the sensory contents of associative memory can be revealed to become more specific, through temporal consolidation in the absence of non-sensory factors such as motivation and emotion. |
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